( ! ) Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called <strong>incorrectly</strong>. Translation loading for the <code>feeds-for-youtube</code> domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the <code>init</code> action or later. Please see <a href="https://developer.wordpress.org/advanced-administration/debug/debug-wordpress/">Debugging in WordPress</a> for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6121
Call Stack
#TimeMemoryFunctionLocation
10.0001497464{main}( ).../index.php:0
20.0001497816require( '/users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-blog-header.php ).../index.php:17
30.0001498232require_once( '/users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-load.php ).../wp-blog-header.php:13
40.0001498656require_once( '/users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-config.php ).../wp-load.php:50
50.0001500296require_once( '/users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-settings.php ).../wp-config.php:93
60.03123369056do_action( $hook_name = 'plugins_loaded' ).../wp-settings.php:578
70.03123369272WP_Hook->do_action( $args = [0 => ''] ).../plugin.php:517
80.03123369272WP_Hook->apply_filters( $value = '', $args = [0 => ''] ).../class-wp-hook.php:348
90.03193384768sby_init( '' ).../class-wp-hook.php:324
100.03193385096__( $text = 'Feeds for YouTube', $domain = 'feeds-for-youtube' ).../youtube-feed.php:126
110.03193385096translate( $text = 'Feeds for YouTube', $domain = 'feeds-for-youtube' ).../l10n.php:307
120.03193385096get_translations_for_domain( $domain = 'feeds-for-youtube' ).../l10n.php:195
130.03193385096_load_textdomain_just_in_time( $domain = 'feeds-for-youtube' ).../l10n.php:1409
140.03213391824_doing_it_wrong( $function_name = '_load_textdomain_just_in_time', $message = 'Translation loading for the <code>feeds-for-youtube</code> domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the <code>init</code> action or later.', $version = '6.7.0' ).../l10n.php:1371
150.03213393168wp_trigger_error( $function_name = '', $message = 'Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called <strong>incorrectly</strong>. Translation loading for the <code>feeds-for-youtube</code> domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the <code>init</code> action or later. Please see <a href="https://developer.wordpress.org/advanced-administration/debug/debug-wordpress/">Debugging in WordPress</a> for more information. (This message was added in version '..., $error_level = ??? ).../functions.php:6061
160.03233395616trigger_error( $message = 'Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called <strong>incorrectly</strong>. Translation loading for the <code>feeds-for-youtube</code> domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the <code>init</code> action or later. Please see <a href="https://developer.wordpress.org/advanced-administration/debug/debug-wordpress/">Debugging in WordPress</a> for more information. (This message was added in version '..., $error_level = 1024 ).../functions.php:6121

( ! ) Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-includes/functions.php:6121) in /users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1896
Call Stack
#TimeMemoryFunctionLocation
10.0001497464{main}( ).../index.php:0
20.0001497816require( '/users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-blog-header.php ).../index.php:17
30.06644328504wp( $query_vars = ??? ).../wp-blog-header.php:16
40.06644328536WP->main( $query_args = '' ).../functions.php:1342
50.06644328536WP->parse_request( $extra_query_vars = '' ).../class-wp.php:818
60.06674351632do_action_ref_array( $hook_name = 'parse_request', $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../class-wp.php:418
70.06674351632WP_Hook->do_action( $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../plugin.php:565
80.06674351632WP_Hook->apply_filters( $value = '', $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../class-wp-hook.php:348
90.06674352064rest_api_loaded( class WP { public $public_query_vars = [0 => 'm', 1 => 'p', 2 => 'posts', 3 => 'w', 4 => 'cat', 5 => 'withcomments', 6 => 'withoutcomments', 7 => 's', 8 => 'search', 9 => 'exact', 10 => 'sentence', 11 => 'calendar', 12 => 'page', 13 => 'paged', 14 => 'more', 15 => 'tb', 16 => 'pb', 17 => 'author', 18 => 'order', 19 => 'orderby', 20 => 'year', 21 => 'monthnum', 22 => 'day', 23 => 'hour', 24 => 'minute', 25 => 'second', 26 => 'name', 27 => 'category_name', 28 => 'tag', 29 => 'feed', 30 => 'author_name', 31 => 'pagename', 32 => 'page_id', 33 => 'error', 34 => 'attachment', 35 => 'attachment_id', 36 => 'subpost', 37 => 'subpost_id', 38 => 'preview', 39 => 'robots', 40 => 'favicon', 41 => 'taxonomy', 42 => 'term', 43 => 'cpage', 44 => 'post_type', 45 => 'embed', 46 => 'post_format', 47 => 'rest_route', 48 => 'sitemap', 49 => 'sitemap-subtype', 50 => 'sitemap-stylesheet']; public $private_query_vars = [0 => 'offset', 1 => 'posts_per_page', 2 => 'posts_per_archive_page', 3 => 'showposts', 4 => 'nopaging', 5 => 'post_type', 6 => 'post_status', 7 => 'category__in', 8 => 'category__not_in', 9 => 'category__and', 10 => 'tag__in', 11 => 'tag__not_in', 12 => 'tag__and', 13 => 'tag_slug__in', 14 => 'tag_slug__and', 15 => 'tag_id', 16 => 'post_mime_type', 17 => 'perm', 18 => 'comments_per_page', 19 => 'post__in', 20 => 'post__not_in', 21 => 'post_parent', 22 => 'post_parent__in', 23 => 'post_parent__not_in', 24 => 'title', 25 => 'fields']; public $extra_query_vars = []; public $query_vars = ['rest_route' => '/wp/v2/posts/11613']; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE } ).../class-wp-hook.php:324
100.07845531560WP_REST_Server->serve_request( $path = '/wp/v2/posts/11613' ).../rest-api.php:459
110.07845531384WP_REST_Server->send_header( $key = 'Content-Type', $value = 'application/json; charset=UTF-8' ).../class-wp-rest-server.php:318
120.07855531768header( $header = 'Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8' ).../class-wp-rest-server.php:1896

( ! ) Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-includes/functions.php:6121) in /users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1896
Call Stack
#TimeMemoryFunctionLocation
10.0001497464{main}( ).../index.php:0
20.0001497816require( '/users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-blog-header.php ).../index.php:17
30.06644328504wp( $query_vars = ??? ).../wp-blog-header.php:16
40.06644328536WP->main( $query_args = '' ).../functions.php:1342
50.06644328536WP->parse_request( $extra_query_vars = '' ).../class-wp.php:818
60.06674351632do_action_ref_array( $hook_name = 'parse_request', $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../class-wp.php:418
70.06674351632WP_Hook->do_action( $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../plugin.php:565
80.06674351632WP_Hook->apply_filters( $value = '', $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../class-wp-hook.php:348
90.06674352064rest_api_loaded( class WP { public $public_query_vars = [0 => 'm', 1 => 'p', 2 => 'posts', 3 => 'w', 4 => 'cat', 5 => 'withcomments', 6 => 'withoutcomments', 7 => 's', 8 => 'search', 9 => 'exact', 10 => 'sentence', 11 => 'calendar', 12 => 'page', 13 => 'paged', 14 => 'more', 15 => 'tb', 16 => 'pb', 17 => 'author', 18 => 'order', 19 => 'orderby', 20 => 'year', 21 => 'monthnum', 22 => 'day', 23 => 'hour', 24 => 'minute', 25 => 'second', 26 => 'name', 27 => 'category_name', 28 => 'tag', 29 => 'feed', 30 => 'author_name', 31 => 'pagename', 32 => 'page_id', 33 => 'error', 34 => 'attachment', 35 => 'attachment_id', 36 => 'subpost', 37 => 'subpost_id', 38 => 'preview', 39 => 'robots', 40 => 'favicon', 41 => 'taxonomy', 42 => 'term', 43 => 'cpage', 44 => 'post_type', 45 => 'embed', 46 => 'post_format', 47 => 'rest_route', 48 => 'sitemap', 49 => 'sitemap-subtype', 50 => 'sitemap-stylesheet']; public $private_query_vars = [0 => 'offset', 1 => 'posts_per_page', 2 => 'posts_per_archive_page', 3 => 'showposts', 4 => 'nopaging', 5 => 'post_type', 6 => 'post_status', 7 => 'category__in', 8 => 'category__not_in', 9 => 'category__and', 10 => 'tag__in', 11 => 'tag__not_in', 12 => 'tag__and', 13 => 'tag_slug__in', 14 => 'tag_slug__and', 15 => 'tag_id', 16 => 'post_mime_type', 17 => 'perm', 18 => 'comments_per_page', 19 => 'post__in', 20 => 'post__not_in', 21 => 'post_parent', 22 => 'post_parent__in', 23 => 'post_parent__not_in', 24 => 'title', 25 => 'fields']; public $extra_query_vars = []; public $query_vars = ['rest_route' => '/wp/v2/posts/11613']; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE } ).../class-wp-hook.php:324
100.07845531560WP_REST_Server->serve_request( $path = '/wp/v2/posts/11613' ).../rest-api.php:459
110.07885531576WP_REST_Server->send_header( $key = 'X-Robots-Tag', $value = 'noindex' ).../class-wp-rest-server.php:319
120.07885531896header( $header = 'X-Robots-Tag: noindex' ).../class-wp-rest-server.php:1896

( ! ) Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-includes/functions.php:6121) in /users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1896
Call Stack
#TimeMemoryFunctionLocation
10.0001497464{main}( ).../index.php:0
20.0001497816require( '/users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-blog-header.php ).../index.php:17
30.06644328504wp( $query_vars = ??? ).../wp-blog-header.php:16
40.06644328536WP->main( $query_args = '' ).../functions.php:1342
50.06644328536WP->parse_request( $extra_query_vars = '' ).../class-wp.php:818
60.06674351632do_action_ref_array( $hook_name = 'parse_request', $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../class-wp.php:418
70.06674351632WP_Hook->do_action( $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../plugin.php:565
80.06674351632WP_Hook->apply_filters( $value = '', $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../class-wp-hook.php:348
90.06674352064rest_api_loaded( class WP { public $public_query_vars = [0 => 'm', 1 => 'p', 2 => 'posts', 3 => 'w', 4 => 'cat', 5 => 'withcomments', 6 => 'withoutcomments', 7 => 's', 8 => 'search', 9 => 'exact', 10 => 'sentence', 11 => 'calendar', 12 => 'page', 13 => 'paged', 14 => 'more', 15 => 'tb', 16 => 'pb', 17 => 'author', 18 => 'order', 19 => 'orderby', 20 => 'year', 21 => 'monthnum', 22 => 'day', 23 => 'hour', 24 => 'minute', 25 => 'second', 26 => 'name', 27 => 'category_name', 28 => 'tag', 29 => 'feed', 30 => 'author_name', 31 => 'pagename', 32 => 'page_id', 33 => 'error', 34 => 'attachment', 35 => 'attachment_id', 36 => 'subpost', 37 => 'subpost_id', 38 => 'preview', 39 => 'robots', 40 => 'favicon', 41 => 'taxonomy', 42 => 'term', 43 => 'cpage', 44 => 'post_type', 45 => 'embed', 46 => 'post_format', 47 => 'rest_route', 48 => 'sitemap', 49 => 'sitemap-subtype', 50 => 'sitemap-stylesheet']; public $private_query_vars = [0 => 'offset', 1 => 'posts_per_page', 2 => 'posts_per_archive_page', 3 => 'showposts', 4 => 'nopaging', 5 => 'post_type', 6 => 'post_status', 7 => 'category__in', 8 => 'category__not_in', 9 => 'category__and', 10 => 'tag__in', 11 => 'tag__not_in', 12 => 'tag__and', 13 => 'tag_slug__in', 14 => 'tag_slug__and', 15 => 'tag_id', 16 => 'post_mime_type', 17 => 'perm', 18 => 'comments_per_page', 19 => 'post__in', 20 => 'post__not_in', 21 => 'post_parent', 22 => 'post_parent__in', 23 => 'post_parent__not_in', 24 => 'title', 25 => 'fields']; public $extra_query_vars = []; public $query_vars = ['rest_route' => '/wp/v2/posts/11613']; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE } ).../class-wp-hook.php:324
100.07845531560WP_REST_Server->serve_request( $path = '/wp/v2/posts/11613' ).../rest-api.php:459
110.07935531736WP_REST_Server->send_header( $key = 'Link', $value = '<https://tiie.w3.uvm.edu/blog/wp-json/>; rel="https://api.w.org/"' ).../class-wp-rest-server.php:323
120.07935532168header( $header = 'Link: <https://tiie.w3.uvm.edu/blog/wp-json/>; rel="https://api.w.org/"' ).../class-wp-rest-server.php:1896

( ! ) Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-includes/functions.php:6121) in /users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1896
Call Stack
#TimeMemoryFunctionLocation
10.0001497464{main}( ).../index.php:0
20.0001497816require( '/users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-blog-header.php ).../index.php:17
30.06644328504wp( $query_vars = ??? ).../wp-blog-header.php:16
40.06644328536WP->main( $query_args = '' ).../functions.php:1342
50.06644328536WP->parse_request( $extra_query_vars = '' ).../class-wp.php:818
60.06674351632do_action_ref_array( $hook_name = 'parse_request', $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../class-wp.php:418
70.06674351632WP_Hook->do_action( $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../plugin.php:565
80.06674351632WP_Hook->apply_filters( $value = '', $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../class-wp-hook.php:348
90.06674352064rest_api_loaded( class WP { public $public_query_vars = [0 => 'm', 1 => 'p', 2 => 'posts', 3 => 'w', 4 => 'cat', 5 => 'withcomments', 6 => 'withoutcomments', 7 => 's', 8 => 'search', 9 => 'exact', 10 => 'sentence', 11 => 'calendar', 12 => 'page', 13 => 'paged', 14 => 'more', 15 => 'tb', 16 => 'pb', 17 => 'author', 18 => 'order', 19 => 'orderby', 20 => 'year', 21 => 'monthnum', 22 => 'day', 23 => 'hour', 24 => 'minute', 25 => 'second', 26 => 'name', 27 => 'category_name', 28 => 'tag', 29 => 'feed', 30 => 'author_name', 31 => 'pagename', 32 => 'page_id', 33 => 'error', 34 => 'attachment', 35 => 'attachment_id', 36 => 'subpost', 37 => 'subpost_id', 38 => 'preview', 39 => 'robots', 40 => 'favicon', 41 => 'taxonomy', 42 => 'term', 43 => 'cpage', 44 => 'post_type', 45 => 'embed', 46 => 'post_format', 47 => 'rest_route', 48 => 'sitemap', 49 => 'sitemap-subtype', 50 => 'sitemap-stylesheet']; public $private_query_vars = [0 => 'offset', 1 => 'posts_per_page', 2 => 'posts_per_archive_page', 3 => 'showposts', 4 => 'nopaging', 5 => 'post_type', 6 => 'post_status', 7 => 'category__in', 8 => 'category__not_in', 9 => 'category__and', 10 => 'tag__in', 11 => 'tag__not_in', 12 => 'tag__and', 13 => 'tag_slug__in', 14 => 'tag_slug__and', 15 => 'tag_id', 16 => 'post_mime_type', 17 => 'perm', 18 => 'comments_per_page', 19 => 'post__in', 20 => 'post__not_in', 21 => 'post_parent', 22 => 'post_parent__in', 23 => 'post_parent__not_in', 24 => 'title', 25 => 'fields']; public $extra_query_vars = []; public $query_vars = ['rest_route' => '/wp/v2/posts/11613']; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE } ).../class-wp-hook.php:324
100.07845531560WP_REST_Server->serve_request( $path = '/wp/v2/posts/11613' ).../rest-api.php:459
110.07965531640WP_REST_Server->send_header( $key = 'X-Content-Type-Options', $value = 'nosniff' ).../class-wp-rest-server.php:331
120.07965531960header( $header = 'X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff' ).../class-wp-rest-server.php:1896

( ! ) Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-includes/functions.php:6121) in /users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1896
Call Stack
#TimeMemoryFunctionLocation
10.0001497464{main}( ).../index.php:0
20.0001497816require( '/users/t/i/tiie/www-root/blog/wp-blog-header.php ).../index.php:17
30.06644328504wp( $query_vars = ??? ).../wp-blog-header.php:16
40.06644328536WP->main( $query_args = '' ).../functions.php:1342
50.06644328536WP->parse_request( $extra_query_vars = '' ).../class-wp.php:818
60.06674351632do_action_ref_array( $hook_name = 'parse_request', $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../class-wp.php:418
70.06674351632WP_Hook->do_action( $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../plugin.php:565
80.06674351632WP_Hook->apply_filters( $value = '', $args = [0 => class WP { public $public_query_vars = [...]; public $private_query_vars = [...]; public $extra_query_vars = [...]; public $query_vars = [...]; public $query_string = ''; public $request = 'wp-json/wp/v2/posts/11613'; public $matched_rule = '^wp-json/(.*)?'; public $matched_query = 'rest_route=/wp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F11613'; public $did_permalink = TRUE }] ).../class-wp-hook.php:348
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Call Stack
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100.07845531560WP_REST_Server->serve_request( $path = '/wp/v2/posts/11613' ).../rest-api.php:459
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Call Stack
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10.0001497464{main}( ).../index.php:0
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30.06644328504wp( $query_vars = ??? ).../wp-blog-header.php:16
40.06644328536WP->main( $query_args = '' ).../functions.php:1342
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Call Stack
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10.0001497464{main}( ).../index.php:0
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{"id":11613,"date":"2017-02-07T14:49:52","date_gmt":"2017-02-07T18:49:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/?p=11613"},"modified":"2022-04-29T13:55:19","modified_gmt":"2022-04-29T17:55:19","slug":"why-digital-composition-matters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/why-digital-composition-matters\/","title":{"rendered":"Beyond the audience of one"},"content":{"rendered":"

Why digital composition matters<\/h1>\n

\"whyI\u2019d like you to think back to your days as a student. What kinds of writing did you do? Who read it? What made it important to you? And what made it important to the world?<\/p>\n

If you\u2019re like most people, you\u2019re probably drawing a blank right now. Some of today\u2019s students, though, can clearly articulate just how and why their writing is important. And we don\u2019t mean writing as you might imagine, but rather digital composition: \u00a0digital stories, digital portfolios, documentary films, and of course, podcasts. For each of these, there is a real audience, one beyond the more typical audience of one, the teacher.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

[soundcloud url=”https:\/\/api.soundcloud.com\/tracks\/301818285″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” \/]<\/p>\n

Full transcript appears below.<\/p>\n


\n

Today we\u2019ll visit with writers Bonnie Kaplan and Barry Lane and some of my former high school students, all of whom discuss what they\u2019ve noticed about the power of these media and the importance of authentic audience. And along the way, we\u2019ll sample some of these powerful digital creations.<\/p>\n

Welcome to Keeping it Real.<\/i><\/h3>\n

Writing for an authentic audience has become something of a trend in the world of education. A quick Google search of those buzzwords yields nearly 67,000 hits. So, writing beyond the usual reasons we ask students to write \u2013 to express their ideas to their teacher for the purposes of a grade \u2013 has become paramount.<\/p>\n

I\u2019ve been thinking a lot lately about my own experience as a student of writing and have been trying to remember examples of writing I completed. So, I went through the list of teachers etched somehow indelibly in my mind, and wracked my brain for one paper, one story, I wrote \u2013 but I couldn\u2019t do it.<\/p>\n

\u00a0And then, suddenly, a memory emerged.<\/h2>\n

It was 1969; I was in 3rd grade, and girls were not allowed to wear pants to school. My father was really active in his local union, and so even in 3rd grade, I thought about opportunities to organize.<\/p>\n

One morning after a particularly dull music class with Mrs. Angus at her piano, leading us in endless repetition of \u00a0\u201cDrill Ye Tarriers, Drill,\u201d my friends and I decided it was time to take action. \u00a0Taking my father\u2019s example, I drew up a petition, and out on the playground asked who would like to sign our request to be allowed to wear pants to school.<\/p>\n

Almost all the girls signed that petition — and I was really excited, I was energized, I was proud \u2013 but not for long. Instead of reading the next chapter of Charlotte\u2019s Web<\/i> after lunch, our teacher, Miss McKay, confiscated our petition.<\/p>\n

I remember sitting at my desk, absolutely deflated, as I had to listen to her lecture us about the virtues of femininity. The only girls she still respected, she said, were the two who had not signed our petition.<\/p>\n

So, flash forward 28 years. I was the teacher.<\/h2>\n

My writing students had just set goals for the day, and I expected them to work on essays, poetry, fiction, maybe even embark on a research project, but I never expected this, from Palmer Legare. He wrote: <\/i><\/p>\n

What good is writing if it just ends up sitting in a folder somewhere until it is recycled? I\u2019ve always seen myself as someone who wants to make a difference, to fight against injustice wherever I find it. I want to write to change the world.<\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Wow. No teacher-designed prompt could have elicited such a response. And I wondered what it was I was supposed to do.<\/h3>\n

How could I help Palmer take real political action since I hadn\u2019t even tried since that \u00a0failed attempt in third grade? How, then, could I teach Palmer to do it?<\/p>\n

I couldn\u2019t. Of course I couldn\u2019t. All I could do was get out of his way. And so I became a midwife of sorts, an encourager, a supporter — but in the end, he was the one who would have to do the hard work of bringing some kind of new life into our school, to change our world.<\/p>\n

And he did.<\/p>\n

\"why<\/a><\/p>\n

So, Palmer would bring me his latest draft early in the morning, and at the first break, he\u2019d pop in to ask what I thought. And after school, we\u2019d frequently talk about the issues and consider what strategies might work, and then he\u2019d write some more.<\/p>\n

\"why<\/a><\/p>\n

I watched as Palmer circulated his letter among fellow students. Some already knew the issues, a few firsthand. In the end, about \u00a040 students signatures appeared at the bottom of the page; almost half the student body at our small high school \u2013 in 1997.<\/p>\n

Fortunately, Miss McKay was not nearby.<\/h3>\n

Ultimately, Palmer\u2019s petition resulted in widespread publication of our district\u2019s anti-harassment policy. Our principal had highlighted the pertinent sections, and copies appeared on more bulletin boards than we knew we had. Sexual orientation was mentioned as just one of many categories against which our school did not discriminate and about which we would not permit harassment. And the policy had been in place for several years, but few students and only some teachers actually knew that sexual orientation was included. \u00a0That morning after April vacation, everybody knew, and the halls were just buzzing.<\/p>\n

Obviously Palmer was really excited but tempered his enthusiasm. He knew full well that this was just the very first step in transforming our schooling to a safe place for everyone \u2014 something that had not yet been accomplished in mainstream American culture, let alone its teenage subculture.<\/p>\n

But something was clearly happening \u2014 \u00a0people were talking \u2014 \u00a0many, of course, were still openly hostile, but Palmer discovered allies he never knew he had \u2014 and it became clearer and clearer to him that his writing was having an effect, that he was doing what he set out to do: to write to change the world -\u2013 in this case one teacher, one student at a time.<\/h4>\n

When I look back on writing \u00a0a petition as Ms. McKay’s third grade student and on Palmer\u2019s experience of writing to change the culture of his high school, it becomes so clear that what made both instances significant was the presence of a real audience, an audience beyond the teacher.<\/p>\n

Many teachers have recognized the value of such an audience, and I became curious about how this plays out in the lives and the work of my own students, so I talked to a number of them, and these conversations, combined with other research, have convinced me, today more than ever, \u00a0that it is absolutely imperative for our students to find a real audience for their writing.<\/p>\n

And fortunately, the advent of digital technologies made this easier than ever.<\/h3>\n

They can publish digital stories on YouTube, create documentary films for perhaps a public evening screening, record podcasts to be aired on a local radio station, or curate digital portfolios of their best work. \u00a0And in all of these instances, students engaged in meaningful work for an audience beyond just their teachers are motivated and are inspired to produce effective writing.<\/p>\n

National Writing project author Bonnie Kaplan:<\/h4>\n

For me, the excitement happens with the power of publishing for an authentic audience.<\/p>\n

Students create their multi-modal pieces that will be presented to a community group of families and friends, other people\u2019s families and friends and teachers, strangers \u2013 and for some, their pieces are published on school websites. So there\u2019s that immediate need for their piece to be taken seriously. It\u2019s not a traditionally assigned essay that gets handed in to the teacher for a grade and bang, it\u2019s done! And maybe that\u2019s the key.<\/p>\n

When a student presents a piece of digital writing, the audience has moved out of the classroom and the gradebook.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Digital storytelling: Classroom snapshot 1.<\/h2>\n

Cheryl pulls me aside when Cody struts out of the classroom. Maybe to get a drink of water, to flirt with his newest girlfriend, or to show off the new wolf tattoo on his forearm. No one knows for sure, but Cody pretty much does what Cody wants, and as his teacher, I am learning to work around it.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhatever you do, don\u2019t make Cody read out loud,\u201d Cheryl whispers. While she is a paraprofessional in the class to help another student, she knows everyone else\u2019s quirks, too; she\u2019s worked with this group for years. \u201cHe won\u2019t do it. It\u2019s only asking for trouble, and this is not a battle I would pick.\u201d<\/p>\n

The leaves on the maple outside my classroom, tinged with yellow and red, flutter in the late afternoon breeze. I don\u2019t want to believe Cheryl, but this early in September, I don\u2019t push it.<\/p>\n

By the end of December, students are sitting at computers in the library, writing, searching through photographs, and looking for music to accompany their digital stories \u2013 multimedia projects that combine images, music, and the spoken word to relate an important event or experience.<\/p>\n

And there, in the closed back office, I join Cody, the first student ready to record his voiceover.<\/h3>\n

Cheryl looks over at us, incredulous. Her eyes widen as she lifts her hands slightly, palms upward, punctuating the air with a \u201cWhat\u2019s that about?\u201d gesture.<\/p>\n

But it\u2019s true.<\/p>\n

Cody, who hates to read aloud, is adjusting his headset and getting ready not only to read \u2014 but also to record\u2014 his voice. \u00a0Hesitant but determined, he begins.<\/p>\n

\"why<\/a><\/p>\n

I sit next to Cody as he reads, sentence by sentence, so he\u2019ll end up with small sound bytes that can be moved to begin exactly when he has the right image on the screen. We work on this for the next few class periods, and finally his voiceover is complete.<\/p>\n

When he matches the spoken word to the photographs he\u2019s chosen, he\u2019s pleased.<\/p>\n

When we add an instrumental soundtrack, he\u2019s really pleased.<\/p>\n

\"why<\/a><\/p>\n

For Cody, this wait was tolerable because he was working toward a goal which was to to create something that would ultimately be shared with a real audience and that compelled him to revise his work, to re-record again and again, and to settle for nothing but his best.<\/p>\n

When I first began a digital storytelling project, my students and I considered the importance of audience when we planned an evening screening of their work to which friends, family and community members would be invited.\u00a0
\n<\/i><\/h3>\n

Orion Lay-Sleeper, who was one of my first students to create a digital story, recently reflected on \u201cSledding,\u201d a powerful piece he created as a high school junior about 10 years ago.<\/p>\n

This, he said, stood in contrast to other writing he did for a single audience: his teachers.<\/p>\n

ORION LAY-SLEEPER:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"why<\/a><\/p>\n

Like Orion, Jeremiah Breer was one of my first students to create a digital story. \u00a0His tackled a more personal topic to experience of living with and recovering from depression.<\/p>\n

When we spoke recently, he noticed a significant difference between the writing he did ordinarily and the writing he did for his digital story.<\/h3>\n

JEREMIAH BREER:<\/strong> “I think a lot of the writing I did in your class wasn’t necessarily for an audience \u2013 even though I knew that you would read it, and I pretty much knew that you would \u00a0appreciate almost anything that I wrote. Whereas if I\u2019m writing for a wider audience, then I’m trying to get a specific message across and I\u2019m anticipating how the audience is coming into it, to try to communicate with them as best I can.<\/p>\n

\"why<\/a><\/p>\n

When I made my digital \u00a0story, I thought a lot about the audience because obviously I knew it was going to be on display. And I \u00a0guess I looked at it as a chance to sort of tell my story of what depression was like\u2014 \u00a0and that was really important to me because I felt like there are a lot of people who don’t really understand what depression is like.<\/p>\n

People were always, you know, giving me these really easy solutions, like just do this<\/i>, or just think happy thoughts<\/i>, or whatever. I wanted to raise awareness of depression and I think what was most important to me was to convey to people just how extremely painful it is. I wanted to give people a glimpse of what it was like to suffer with it because I thought by doing that, it would elicit \u2013 or my hope was that it would elicit \u2013 some empathy from folks and help them understand a little bit \u00a0better.<\/p>\n

And then, my story ends with a hopeful note, because I\u2019m one of the lucky ones, you know \u2014 I did get better, which unfortunately it doesn\u2019t work out that way for everybody.”<\/p>\n

Digital storytelling, Classroom snapshot 2.<\/h2>\n

Jeremiah is trying to find images to correspond to the poem he has written for his digital story. When he realizes that ordinary photographs can\u2019t easily represent the abstractions he\u2019s exploring, he decides to create his own images.<\/p>\n

One morning he arrives to my class a few minutes early.<\/h3>\n

\u201cYou won\u2019t believe it,\u201d he says. \u201cI was over in the computer room, working, and Mr. McSweeney was like, \u2018Jeremiah, quit fooling around with Kid Pix. You\u2019re supposed to be working on your digital story.\u2019 \u00a0It was the same thing every time a teacher walked through. \u2018Aren\u2019t you supposed to be doing some work? \u2018No one could believe I was.\u201d<\/p>\n

Eventually Jeremiah is able to set straight all the adults who keep interrupting him, and he designs a series of abstract images. He imports them into iMovie and begins to establish transitions from one to another.<\/h3>\n
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\"darkness