{"id":12235,"date":"2017-04-12T08:12:45","date_gmt":"2017-04-12T12:12:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/?p=12235"},"modified":"2025-05-21T06:52:25","modified_gmt":"2025-05-21T10:52:25","slug":"do-adverse-childhood-events-affect-student-performance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/do-adverse-childhood-events-affect-student-performance\/","title":{"rendered":"How do adverse childhood events affect student performance?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cognitive outcomes vs intersectional traumas<\/h1>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"151\" height=\"148\" src=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/equity.jpg\" alt=\"do adverse childhood events affect school performance\" class=\"wp-image-12260\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/equity.jpg 151w, https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/equity-150x148.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 151px) 100vw, 151px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>We talk with legendary awesome stats guy Mark Olofson &#8212; now <em>Dr.<\/em> Legendary Awesome Stats Guy Mark Olofson &#8212; about his research into adverse childhood events and school performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It&#8217;s some pretty important stuff, about how the intersecting traumas that affect students have some long-reaching consequences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Who is Dr. Mark Olofson?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>You may remember Olofson&nbsp;from his awesome work on our podcasts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Data shows #vted leads the nation in educators on twitter<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How does data-mining affect edtech?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">From arduino learner to teacher<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/?s=science+saturdays&amp;submit=Search#.WOv3z1KZOHo\">and from his Science Saturdays column<\/a>, here on this fine blog.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But what you might not know is that for the past four years, Olofson has been doing some pretty beefy and hugely important research into adverse childhood events, and how they impact students&#8217; school performance. So we sat down with Olofson and got the straight story.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/28-Dr_Olofson_I_Presume.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A full transcript appears below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How do adverse childhood events affect student performance?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Olofson:<\/strong> I\u2019m Mark Olofson. I&#8217;m the research fellow here at the Tarrant Institute for Innovative Education and I just successfully defended for my PhD in Educational Leadership and Policy Studies at the University of Vermont. That is who I am and what I just did. I get to be a PhD.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/BR83NuhjveV\/?taken-by=innovativeeducation\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"924\" height=\"547\" src=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/markoninstatgram.jpg\" alt=\"adverse childhood events\" class=\"wp-image-12270\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/markoninstatgram.jpg 924w, https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/markoninstatgram-300x178.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/markoninstatgram-768x455.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/markoninstatgram-619x366.jpg 619w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Interestingly enough, first PhD in my family from either side. Both my mom\u2019s side and my dad\u2019s side, so that\u2019s fun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Olofson:<\/strong> My research looks at adversity, and development, families and neighborhoods, and school climate, and how all these things intersect and play out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What I do is I measure cognitive outcomes in young adolescents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why this research?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Olofson:<\/strong> I used to teach middle-grade and high school science and mathematics. I worked at an alternative school. I did some student teaching at a <em>really<\/em> alternative school. I worked at a bilingual school and something that really hit me pretty deeply was this idea that kind of no matter what I do in the classroom as a science teacher, as a mathematics teacher, kids come into&nbsp;the classroom with a whole bunch of other stuff.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I think in some places we think about this as are students&nbsp;ready to learn, are they ready to &#8220;do school&#8221;, but that didn\u2019t really ring true for me. It seem like there was some deeper issues going on, and that simply a before-school program for 20 minutes to do some mindfulness and meditation &#8212; these type of things weren\u2019t really going to address the problem as I see it.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"758\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/stuff.jpg\" alt=\"adverse childhood experiences\" class=\"wp-image-12272\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/stuff.jpg 758w, https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/stuff-300x218.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/stuff-619x449.jpg 619w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 706px) 89vw, (max-width: 767px) 82vw, 740px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We know that a solid two-thirds of a kid\u2019s academic performance can be great. It can be predicted with them walking in the door. If we just know their home conditions, their socioeconomic status conditions, demographic conditions, all these different things. We can do a pretty decent job of predicting their academic outcomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That idea has really stuck with me and led me to get&nbsp;more into:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>What are those developmental influences?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What are those things that influence outcomes for kids? and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How can we measure them?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q: This is a huge topic. How did you pick a place to start?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A: First, take&nbsp;the ACES Framework:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Olofson:<\/strong> The first thing I did was find a way to talk&nbsp;about adversity, with&nbsp;the adverse childhood experiences &#8212; or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/violenceprevention\/acestudy\/index.html\">ACES<\/a> &#8212; framework. This research team out in San Diego surveyed&nbsp;like 17,000 people. Then they looked at the trends in those folks&#8217; childhood conditions and compared them to outcomes in adulthood. These were health outcomes: smoking, obesity, heart disease. These types of things. And they saw that more adversity in childhood led to worse outcomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some other researchers have said, \u201cOkay, what if we don\u2019t wait for adulthood? What if we look for these outcomes in adolescents and in young adolescence?\u201d They\u2019ve been able to see a lot of the same things.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We know that these adverse childhood experiences are good predictors for adolescent and young adolescent developmental outcomes. And those can be behavioral outcomes, internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors and of course, cognitive outcomes, which is what I used in my study.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Add in&nbsp;a model of child development&#8230;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Olofson:<\/strong> A developmental model that really spoke to me, and that\u2019s really widely used in the field, used by like the World Health Organization, used by the CDC, is this: the bio-ecological model of development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What that means is that it\u2019s important for us as researchers to understand all the different contexts in which somebody\u2019s development takes place. We need to know about the family life, we need to know about the neighborhood. We need to know about the school. We need to know about peer interactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We think about development as happening as the individual interacts with these different systems that they\u2019re embedded in; but also in understanding that these different systems interact with each other. The bio-ecological model also goes up and thinks about, \u201cThere are these larger societal contexts,\u201d right.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"758\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/differentsystems2.jpg\" alt=\"adverse childhood systems\" class=\"wp-image-12274\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/differentsystems2.jpg 758w, https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/differentsystems2-300x218.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/differentsystems2-619x449.jpg 619w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 706px) 89vw, (max-width: 767px) 82vw, 740px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">And tie the two together with structural equation modeling.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(It&#8217;s simpler than it sounds.)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Olofson:<\/strong> In my work specifically, I look at the families, the neighborhoods and the schools. Then I also look at the individual child\u2019s adversity, right. I use the school\u2019s stat\u2019s models and&nbsp;structural equation modeling&nbsp;with&nbsp;latent variables.<br \/>I created a model for adversity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oh, oh and let me tell you about this data. Oh man, this data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q: There\u2019s this cool data?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Olofson:<\/strong> It\u2019s collected by the US. It\u2019s housed at the University of Michigan, it\u2019s nationally representative. It\u2019s called the <a href=\"https:\/\/psidonline.isr.umich.edu\/Guide\/FAQ.aspx\">Panel Study for Income Dynamics<\/a>. They\u2019ve been collecting all this interesting data on folks. They started back in the late 60s and they followed these families and the people in these families consistently all the way through.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Back in the late 1990s they decided they were going to get a whole bunch of information about the kids in particular in these families. They collected a whole bunch of data on them and it&nbsp;allows us to get a really rich portrait of these kids\u2019 lives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So I go in, I take all these data, I pull all these discrete indicators that are about adversity and I make a latent variable for it, right? Now I\u2019ve got an indicator of adversity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It can be really complicated and that\u2019s why I boiled it down to really looking at school safety. School safety was things like fighting in the halls, verbal abuse among teachers, among students, weapons, drugs, alcohol; these sorts of like hard indicators of \u201cIs the school a safe place or not?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I chose that because it\u2019s so important for elementary and middle-school kids to be at a fundamental level, have school be a physically safe space so that they can start to form the relationships with teachers, and with school staff and with each other that we know lead to better learning, right? If you don\u2019t have that fundamental school is a safe space in there then those relationships aren\u2019t going to happen, because it\u2019s going to be toxic space, it\u2019s going to be a scary space, and people don\u2019t form relationships when they\u2019re worrying about their physical or mental health. That\u2019s my school safety bubble.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What I did through the course of three different studies is I built up these measurements and then I started relating them to each other.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Conflicts affect kids. Kids have these cognitive outcomes. The kid is measured by the adverse childhood experience and I also do include demographic controls, which are really important, because otherwise you\u2019re saying that like all kids are the same, which is not true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What I really wanted to see was, is there a difference for how school safety works for kids with high adversity versus low adversity? The model showed that increases in school safety helped everybody; when we pooled everybody from different adversity levels into the same bucket, it helps everybody.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"758\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/fundamental.jpg\" alt=\"adverse childhood experiences\" class=\"wp-image-12276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/fundamental.jpg 758w, https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/fundamental-300x218.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/fundamental-619x449.jpg 619w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 706px) 89vw, (max-width: 767px) 82vw, 740px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you increase school safety, we see higher cognitive outcomes. That\u2019s great, but for kids with high adversity, if you make the school safer, you don\u2019t get the increase in cognitive outcomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Wild. That\u2019s a huge finding.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Olofson:<\/strong>&nbsp;It goes back to the idea that schools can only do so much and that there is a threshold of adversity of kids walking in the door with enough bad stuff going on that it kind of doesn\u2019t matter what you do in the school, because all the stuff at home:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>they live in a home characterized by conflict;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>they are coming from neighborhoods where they don\u2019t feel safe walking on the street;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>they don\u2019t have an adult in the neighborhood that they identify with;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>if the people in their home are their parents are not;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>if somebody\u2019s been incarcerated;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>if there\u2019s substance abuse in the home.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>You get to a certain level of all this bad stuff is happening and it doesn\u2019t matter how good you have schools, you\u2019re not going to have a positive outcome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What this means, and what this means in our local context first, is that schools matter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because for those low and middle adversity kids, which is a lot of kids, you make the school more safe, and that&#8217;s when you get the better outcomes. It\u2019s a great argument.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We also know that you make the school safe you get better relationships;&nbsp;and those interpersonal relationships between adults and kids <em>can<\/em> help kids from highly adverse conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"758\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/betteroutcomes.jpg\" alt=\"adverse childhood events\" class=\"wp-image-12278\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/betteroutcomes.jpg 758w, https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/betteroutcomes-300x218.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/betteroutcomes-619x449.jpg 619w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 706px) 89vw, (max-width: 767px) 82vw, 740px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We know that that\u2019s true and we know that like principals and leadership make a big difference when you\u2019re trying to do school reforms of this type, when you\u2019re trying to improve your school climate you need strong leadership with good vision to say this is what we\u2019re going to do and this is why we\u2019re going to do it, right. All that stuff is true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But what this final conclusion really points out is that just working on your school isn\u2019t enough.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We also need to think about how can we make our neighborhoods and our communities better to support these kids, how can we help families be better and how can we start to address those fundamental pieces of adversity in a kid\u2019s life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If we want kids to be able to perform well at school, and have high cognitive functioning, and be able to get into the workforce, get into additional secondary education &#8212; all these things &#8212; it\u2019s not going to be enough just to have a&nbsp;discrete program at the school. It can&#8217;t be:&nbsp;\u201cOh, this is what we\u2019re doing to help kids and we\u2019re going to have a zero tolerance policy on fighting.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We need to think about wraparound services, and what folks call like \u201cpackages of policies.\u201d That means everything from improving food security at the home and improving working conditions for parents. We go back to that whole map of things that intersect, that whole bio-ecological map.&nbsp;How can we help make connections, make stronger families, make stronger neighborhoods and help with wraparound support for kids?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For me, that was really kind of one of the big punch lines for this research.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"327\" src=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/wraparoudn-e1491923890870.jpg\" alt=\"&quot;We need to think about wraparound services: everything from improving food security at home, and improving working conditions for parents.&quot;\" class=\"wp-image-12279\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even though I\u2019m an educator, I come from teaching. I come from schools, and while I know that schools can do a lot, schools can\u2019t do everything.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When we think about what does it mean to help kids from low socio-economic conditions to succeed, right, what does it really look like to help them?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I think that it\u2019s important for us when we\u2019re individually working with kids, to keep in mind that there\u2019s this whole constellation of things that ends up being reflected in an&nbsp;endpoint.&nbsp;For us as teachers, as school leaders, as citizens in our community, and as voters in the state of Vermont, we need to&nbsp;think more widely about what types of policies, what types of programs are going to be necessary at these multiple different levels to support all kids to be able to be successful in our state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q: How did you come up with your research question?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Olofson:<\/strong> That\u2019s a really good question. I think I got to my research questions in a few different ways.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I\u2019ve been working with this framework for a while now.&nbsp;It&#8217;s really kind of directed my attention, thinking about what teachers can do and what are the domains that teachers can effect. I think also part of it for me is being able to be embedded here at the University of Vermont, and be surrounded by people who are talking about similar things, and thinking about similar things. Everything just sort of like percolates and kind of combines into some question that then I get to go out, and research and see \u201cIs anybody tackling this same stuff in this same way?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then starting to slice things into discrete and testable research questions; getting to work with other students, like peers in my doctoral cohort, and with the great research team here at Tarrant.&nbsp;I did always have this strand of the importance of communities, and neighborhoods and families, this wider constellation of influencers and the outcomes, but\u2026 it&#8217;s just there\u2019s been a lot of focus and I really appreciate that about kids and really having kids at the center.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q: What do you hope are some concrete steps that result from the findings of your research?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Olofson:<\/strong>&nbsp;The first paper for my dissertation has been published in Child Indicators Research, 2017, and the other ones are in process of submission to journals. The outcomes from this research and additional research have the ability to allow me to speak and to write directly for types of policies that \u2014 and policy is such a big chunky word and it just means things we should do, be those formalized things at the state level or for me working in more at a community level where you can have sort of direct effects to influence the way that different organizations, different schools think about these things.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Being able to add to these collective bodies of research, and be able to nudge in certain directions, and to be able to provide additional pieces of evidence, that\u2019s really right now where I see my work. &nbsp;Just like before when I said the ACEs started looking at only adults, but then they saw they could look at adolescents? I\u2019m adding to the emerging literature that says we can also see outcomes in elementary and middle school, right.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I get to push that down to that level which helps us think about, \u201cOh, adversity has direct effects on my elementary school kids, and adversity measured in these ways.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q:&nbsp;That\u2019s where the richness of your stats background comes in and that\u2019s where you get to apply of the awesome stats knowledge that you possess.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">To point out that you can make amazingly graded pictures of data and make it tell you amazing things just by using equations.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Olofson:<\/strong> That\u2019s one of the things that I think moved me over into being a quantitative researcher for my dissertation work, because I got exposed to some cool methods that hit me at a personal level. That was like, \u201cOh, you can do really interesting, descriptive and rich work if you go down the right routes with your methods.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yeah, so being able to influence the way that these questions are tackled? Being able to influence the types of indicators or considerations that we make when we\u2019re asking questions, and then being able to add to a growing consensus about what\u2019s important in the lives of kids, in the development of kids? And then on top of that being able to add to what types of policies or programs should we be arguing for in order to help kids that are coming from highly adverse conditions?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The larger goal was to be able to have an impact with my research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q:&nbsp;Do you think that there\u2019s anything in your experiences as a teacher that informed the choice of your research?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Olofson:<\/strong> Absolutely. As a teacher I saw all types of kids come through my door and I had&nbsp;the direct experience of being able to sometimes make an impact. And then other days you just had to give kids space because stuff had happened. Stuff that I couldn&#8217;t&nbsp;control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For all students, you can\u2019t be a social worker, and a surrogate parent and a safe person in the neighborhood. You also have to be a teacher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I really saw that. I saw that kids day to day would be different. In a school where I worked with an advisory system, and I got really close with my advisees, and got to hear personal stories from kids, and helped connect kids to services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>How am I going to, coming from sort of a traditional teacher background, go and have a conversation about accountability and schoolwork with a&nbsp;student knowing that there\u2019s all these other things in his or her life that are going on, right?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Being able to add to this way of thinking about kids in the classroom as human beings who&nbsp;have these conditions at home, these conditions in their neighborhood, these fundamental conditions and experiences in their childhood, can that&nbsp;change the&nbsp;conversation of:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cThis is an incomplete. I can\u2019t believe this is an incomplete. This was supposed to be done two weeks ago.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Can we change that conversation, because that\u2019s not doing a kid any favors and it\u2019s not helping with their learning. It\u2019s not helping with their overall development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q: What\u2019s the one takeaway that you hope that educators get from learning about your research?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Olofson:<\/strong> It may seem a little&nbsp;conventional&nbsp;but I think it\u2019s the most important thing and its relationship with kids. It\u2019s just so vital for every kid to have a solid relationship with an adult in their life. You can be that adult.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can\u2019t be that adult for every kid in your classroom and you don\u2019t need to be, but these kids need relationships. Potentially they don\u2019t have strong relationships with adults, and as a teacher you can be another person, another adult in their life who is holding them to unreasonable standards that they don\u2019t understand and that they don\u2019t have the capability because there\u2019s too many things going on for them to meet those standards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Or you can be an adult that they form an interpersonal relationship with. And that they can start to identify with, and find a safe space. And be able to express themselves and be able to like learn and grow and open up.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"254\" src=\"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/changetheconversation-e1491924360705.jpg\" alt=\"adverse childhood events\" class=\"wp-image-12280\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I just think that it\u2019s so important because teachers are right there. They see kids every day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And it\u2019s not just teachers. It\u2019s principals, it\u2019s staff members. Kids just need an adult. They need an adult to identify with.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You don\u2019t have to take care of everything in a kid\u2019s life. You just need to be a steady solid understanding and open presence that they can form an interpersonal relationship with. I\u2019ve seen a special educator working with a kid who\u2019s not even on his caseload that he just sees in a hall and like they get lunch sometimes, and having a fundamental change on that kid\u2019s life, right. I\u2019ve seen like random after-school coaches who don\u2019t even have this student in their class, but you just hang around a little bit before practice and after practice and ask them how they\u2019re doing. Ask them if when they go home if there\u2019s going to be somebody there; these types of things can make a really big difference.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yeah, I think that being open to having relationships, to being that solid steady adult in a kid\u2019s life, because it may not even seem like it was that big of a deal to you, but it can make a world of difference to them.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cognitive outcomes vs intersectional traumas We talk with legendary awesome stats guy Mark Olofson &#8212; now Dr. Legendary Awesome Stats Guy Mark Olofson &#8212; about his research into adverse childhood events and school performance. It&#8217;s some pretty important stuff, about how the intersecting traumas that affect students have some long-reaching consequences.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,200],"tags":[802],"class_list":["post-12235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-science-saturdays","category-21st-century-classroom","tag-sciencesaturdays"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12235","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12235"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12235\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44727,"href":"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12235\/revisions\/44727"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12235"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12235"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tiie.w3.uvm.edu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12235"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}